study on different types of modern hives in iran

abstract   modern beehive (langstroth) has entered in iran more than 60 years ago. through these years beehive has been changed differently. losing inner lid, integration of bottom and body and lack of uniformity in body and frame size has detracted it’s performance.! on the other hand, global warming has been an issue in the past 30, 40 years and these hives are not designed for this weather and conditions and not able to cover and protect colonies from summer’s hot weather.! since beekeeping industry is in a competitive environment, like several other industries, rethinking towards beehives condition and decrease its deficiencies towards increasing the efficiency seems to be a an essential matter. ! institute of standards & industrial research of iran has codified beehive standard with the reference number of 1416 in 1354, and revised it in 1362. but these standards were not recognized and useful among beekeepers. in this situation the best alternative to decrease the deficiencies was the second revision of the standard no. 1416 with the participation of all sections and sectors of beekeeping industry by encouraging beekeepers to implement these standards. !